The Effect of the Traditional Papuan Game Patah Kaleng on the Numeracy Skills of Children Aged 5–6 Years
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59211/mjpjetl.v4i1.317Keywords:
traditional games, Patah Kaleng, numeracy, early childhood, play-based learningAbstract
This study aims to analyze the effect of the Papua traditional game Patah Kaleng on the numeracy skills of children aged 5–6 years at TK UNIMUDA Alam Mentari. The background of this research is the low level of early childhood numeracy skills, which are still dominated by conventional learning approaches that are less contextual and lack play-based activities. This study employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design using a one-group pretest-posttest model. The research subjects consisted of 15 children in the experimental class and 16 children in the control class. Data were collected using a numeracy observation instrument based on 10 indicators with a Likert scale.
The results showed that both groups experienced an improvement in numeracy skills; however, the increase in the experimental class was more significant. The mean score of the experimental class increased from 20.53 to 31.47 with a gain (Δ) of 10.93, while the control class increased from 19.81 to 23.44 with a gain (Δ) of 3.63. The results of the paired sample t-test indicated a significance value (p < 0.05), meaning that the research hypothesis was accepted.
In conclusion, the Papua traditional game Patah Kaleng has a significant effect on improving early childhood numeracy skills. These findings imply that traditional game-based learning can serve as an effective and contextual strategy to enhance numeracy skills while supporting the development of culturally responsive learning in early childhood education
Downloads
References
M. Adawurah, “Enhancing early numeracy through play-based learning,” Research Square, 2025. Link: https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-6787623/latest
[2] R. Mariyana et al., “Empowering Young Children in Numeracy through Role-Playing Games,” JPPIPA, 2025. Link: https://jppipa.unram.ac.id/index.php/jppipa/article/view/9780
[3] S. Hamidah et al., “Deep learning pedagogy to boost early numeracy,” RaDEn Journal, 2025. Link: https://ejournal.umm.ac.id/index.php/raden/article/view/42601
[4] M. G. R. Gianan, “Play-Based Learning Approach and Numeracy,” IJSAT, 2025.Link: https://www.ijsat.org/papers/2025/2/3429.pdf
[5] N. M. Sari et al., “Digital Game-Based Learning Interventions,” Formatif, 2025.
Link: http://journal.lppmunindra.ac.id/index.php/Formatif/article/view/23356
[6] S. Irwanti & N. Azizah, “Enhancing Numeracy through Traditional Games,” JIRPE, 2025.
Link: https://ejournal.papanda.org/index.php/jirpe/article/view/2324
[7] B. I. Suwandayani & L. J. Ananda, “Traditional Congklak Game-Based Learning,” JPFKIP, 2025.
Link: https://primary.ejournal.unri.ac.id/index.php/JPFKIP/article/view/385
[8] R. Afrianti & I. B. Maryatun, “Educational Games in Numeracy Learning,” Eduscience, 2025.
Link: https://jurnal.ulb.ac.id/index.php/eduscience/article/view/6833
[9] S. Nurhayati & L. Judijanto, “Culturally Responsive Digital Numeracy Instruction,” IEEE, 2025.
Link: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11104859
[10] S. Raghavan & N. Sharma, “Effective Pedagogies for Early Numeracy,” Frontiers in Social Thoughts, 2025.
Link: https://irjernet.com/index.php/fsth/article/view/162
[11] M. G. R. Gianan, “Play-Based Learning Approach and Numeracy Appreciation of Kindergarten Learners,” International Journal on Science and Technology, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.ijsat.org/papers/2025/2/3429.pdf
[12] R. Mariyana, R. M. El Seira, and others, “Empowering Young Children in Numeracy through Role-Playing Games Application: Advancing Independent Curriculum Goals,” Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://jppipa.unram.ac.id/index.php/jppipa/article/view/9780
[13] S. Hamidah, R. Arista, E. A. Hakim, and others, “Deep Learning Pedagogy to Boost Motivation and Early Numeracy–Literacy in Indonesian Early Childhood Education,” Research and Development in Education (RaDEn), 2025. [Online]. Available: https://ejournal.umm.ac.id/index.php/raden/article/view/42601
[14] S. Nurhayati and L. Judijanto, “Culturally Responsive Digital Numeracy Instruction in Indonesian Early Childhood Education: Integrating Indigenous Knowledge and Technology,” 2025 International Conference on Smart Learning, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/11104859/
[15] S. Irwanti and N. Azizah, “Enhancing Numeracy Skills in Kindergarten Children with Learning Disabilities Through Traditional Congklak Games,” Journal of Innovation and Research in Primary Education, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://ejournal.papanda.org/index.php/jirpe/article/view/2324
[16] M. Abdurohman, “Optimizing Play-Based Learning for Early Childhood in the Digital Era,” Generasi, vol. 2, no. 2, 2024. [Online]. Available: http://generasi.staiku.ac.id/index.php/jc/article/view/310
[17] N. Othman, S. N. F. Azri, R. Omar, and others, “A Scoping Review of Play-Based Learning Methods in Relation to Children Literacy Development,” International Journal of Childhood and Multidisciplinary Research, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.kristujayantijournal.com/index.php/ijcm/article/view/2439
[18] M. A. Musi and T. Sugiarti, “The Effect of Congklak Games on Numeracy and Islamic Values in Early Childhood,” Al-Mudarris, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://e-journal.iain-palangkaraya.ac.id/index.php/mdr/article/view/10107
[19] D. A. Sari, C. W. Kuswanto, L. Anhusadar, and others, “Exploring the Influence of Parental-Teacher Engagement in Play-Based Mathematical Learning on Motor Development and Health Outcomes in Early Childhood,” Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Terapan Universitas Jambi, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://online-journal.unja.ac.id/JIITUJ/article/view/42381
[20] N. Andriati, B. B. Wiyono, A. J. Setiyowati, and others, “Integrating Traditional Kalimantan Games into Early Childhood Education: A Participatory Ethnographic Study on Holistic Development and Cultural Sustainability,” European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1350293X.2025.2599969
[21] S. Alford and B. Teater, “Quantitative Research,” in Handbook of Research Methods in Social Work, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sabretta-Alford/publication/388139110_Quantitative_research/links/6888b8d94eccfb3f29c6091d/Quantitative-research.pdf
[22] N. Othman, S. N. F. Azri, and R. Omar, “A Scoping Review of Play-Based Learning Methods in Relation to Children Literacy Development,” International Journal of Childhood and Multidisciplinary Research, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.kristujayantijournal.com/index.php/ijcm/article/view/2439
[23] S. Hamidah, R. Arista, and E. A. Hakim, “Deep Learning Pedagogy to Boost Motivation and Early Numeracy–Literacy in Indonesian Early Childhood Education,” RaDEn, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://ejournal.umm.ac.id/index.php/raden/article/view/42601
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
URN
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Yul Fitriana, Syamsulrizal, Alman
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors grant the journal the right of first publication. which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited. Authors are responsible for ensuring that any third-party materials included in their work have proper permissions.
